Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, accounting for more than 480,000 deaths each year.1 This means that cigarette smoking kills more Americans than HIV, illegal drug use, alcohol abuse, car accidents, and firearms combined.
Cigarette smoking can cause a variety of health problems, including cancer, heart disease, stroke, and lung disease.1smoking also increases the risk for developing other health conditions such as pneumonia and cataracts.2 In addition, smoking can affect the overall health of smokers’ children and grandchildren.3
Smoking is the single most important avoidable risk factor for developing cancer.4 Cigarette smoking causes an estimated 90% of lung cancer deaths in the United States.5 It also increases the risk for cancers of the mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, bladder, and kidney.4
Smoking is a major contributor to heart disease and stroke.6 Cigarette smoking causes about 90% of all cases of lung cancer deaths in men and about 80% of lung cancer deaths in women.7 Smokers are two to four times more likely to have a heart attack than nonsmokers.8 Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States and smokers are twice as likely to have a stroke as nonsmokers.9
Cigarette smoking also increases the risk of developing other health conditions such as pneumonia and cataracts.2
References:
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Cigarette smoking among adults—the United States, 2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2008;57(45):1207–1211. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5745a3.htm?s_cid=mm5745a3_x Accessed September 16, 2010.
2. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) fact sheet, Smoking and tobacco use. Available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001922/ Accessed September 16, 2010.
3. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Passive smoking and children’s health fact sheet. Available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000622/. Accessed September 16, 2010
4. American Cancer Society (ACS). Cigarette smoking and cancer. Available at http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/CigaretteSmoking/OverviewGuide/index Accessed September 16, 2010
5. American Cancer Society (ACS). Lung cancer facts & figures 2009-2010. Available at http://www.cancer.org/downloads/STT/LungCancerFactsFigures2009-2010.pdf Accessed September 16, 2010
6. American Heart Association (AHA). Cigarette smoking and heart disease. Available at http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/MyHeartandStrokeNews/CigaretteSmokingandHeartDisease_UCM_307905_Article.jsp Accessed September 16, 2010
7. Mayo Clinic Staff. Cigarette smoking: Health risks for men. Available at http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/cigarette-smoking/HQ01636 Accessed September 16, 2010
8. Mayo Clinic Staff. Cigarette smoking: Health risks for women. Available at http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/cigarette-smoking/HQ01635 Accessed September 16, 2010
9. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI). How smoking can harm your family’s heart health. Available at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/other/smokefamiliesfs.htm Accessed September 16, 2010
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, accounting for more than 480,000 deaths each year1 This means that cigarette smoking kills more Americans than HIV, illegal drug use, alcohol abuse, car accidents, and firearms combined2 Cigarette smoking can cause a variety of health problems, including cancer ;3 heart disease;4 stroke;5 and numerous other conditions.2 Cigarette smoking is also a major contributor to increased health care costs in the United States.6
In addition to the health risks mentioned above, smoking also has environmental effects. Cigarette smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals, including hundreds that are toxic and about 70 that can cause cancer .7 Secondhand smoke exposure causes an estimated 3,400 lung cancer deaths and 46,000 heart disease deaths each year in the United States.8 Thirdhand smoke, which is tobacco smoke residue that remains on surfaces long after a cigarette has been extinguished, is also a concern.9
It is important to remember that these are just some of the many health risks associated with cigarette smoking. Cigarette smoking also increases the risk for developing other health conditions such as pneumonia and cataracts .2
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Cigarette Smoking Among Adults—the United States, 2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2008;57(45):1207–1211. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5745a3.htm?s_cid=mm5745a3_x Accessed September 16, 2010.
2. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) fact sheet, Smoking and tobacco use. Available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001922/ Accessed September 16, 2010.
3. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Passive smoking and children’s health fact sheet. Available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000622/. Accessed September 16, 2010
4. American Cancer Society (ACS). Cigarette smoking and cancer. Available at http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/CigaretteSmoking/OverviewGuide/index Accessed September 16, 2010
5. American Cancer Society (ACS). Lung cancer facts & figures 2009-2010. Available at http://www.cancer.org/downloads/STT/LungCancerFactsFigures2009-2010.pdf Accessed September 16, 2010
6. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The economic costs of smoking in the United States: Over $200 billion per year. Available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1869913/. Accessed September 16, 2010
7. American Heart Association (AHA). Cigarette smoking and heart disease. Available at http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/MyHeartandStrokeNews/CigaretteSmokingandHeartDisease_UCM
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Accessed September 16, 2010
8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Facts about secondhand smoke . Available at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/secondhand_smoke/general_facts Accessed September 16, 2010.
9 National Institute of Health (NIH). Third-Hand Smoke Fact Sheet . Available at http://escholarship.org/uc/item/2b53f1rj Accessed September 16, 2010.
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